Causes of Tongue Thrust:
Causes:
1-Allergies: children with allergies often breathe through their mouth
because their nasal passages are blocked. When breathing with their mouths open,
their tongue lies flat on the bottom of their mouths. If an open-mouth posture
continues for a long time the lip muscles may lose their strength and tone.
2-Enlarged tonsils and adenoids can cause open-mouth breathing due to
blocked airways. If ongoing, it can become habitual to breathe through the mouth
even after medical treatment for the blocked airways is done.
3-Excessive thumb or finger sucking may change the shape of the upper
jaw and lower teeth.
4-Family heredity-the size of a child’s mouth, arrangement and number of
teeth and strength of lip, tongue, mouth and facial muscles may all be
hereditary
5-Mouth breathing can cause the tongue’s posture to be very low in the mouth.
6-Muscular, neurological, or other physiological abnormalities
(Tongue thrusting and, myfunctional therapy, 2011)
the
7-Artificial nipples used in feeding infants
the
8-Macroglossia- an abnormally large tongue
the
9-Ankyloglossia (short lingual freenum)
Consequences of Tongue thrust
1-open bite
2-lisping
3-imprecise articulation os speech sounds
4-open mouth posture
5-abnormal eruption of teeth and dental arch
6-abnormal tone of facial muscles
7-prolonged mealtimes due to ineffective chewing and swallowing
8-spillage of food/fluid from the anterior mouth
9-negative cosmetic effects
10-lower self-esteem
11-problems with fitting of denture in future
(Wikipedia, 2009)
The Effects of Tongue Thrust During Swallow
During normal swallow the food is tightly trapped between the tongue and the roof of the mouth. The sides of the tongue are lifted to approximate the roof of the mouth. During the swallow, the tongue moves slightly back pushing the bolus posteriorly into the esophagus. The lips remain closed and relaxed during the swallow.
During a swallow of someone with a tongue thrust, the tongue does not come up and back, but instead moves forward with the lower lip coming down, allowing the bolus or liquid to spill out of the mouth.
(Harmon, 2004)
A person swallows 500-1000 times a day; so improper swallowing can cause many issues. The resting poison of the tongue can lead to the most damage, because it is constant. An OMD may lead to an abnormal bite – the improper alignment between the upper and lower teeth known as malocclusion. This problem may lead to difficulties in biting, chewing, swallowing, and digesting of food.
(what is a myofunctional disorder?. (n.d.).)
Tongue thrusting may be temporary developmental manifestation that occurs during the growth of the lower face. It may be because of a habit that does not go away as the face grows developmentally. Besides for a speech or orthodontic problem, it may be a psychological or cosmetic problem. Swallowing a very complex reflex, and me need a lot of intervention for a person to learn how to perform a correct swallow.
(Hoffman & Hoffman , 1965)
During a swallow of someone with a tongue thrust, the tongue does not come up and back, but instead moves forward with the lower lip coming down, allowing the bolus or liquid to spill out of the mouth.
(Harmon, 2004)
A person swallows 500-1000 times a day; so improper swallowing can cause many issues. The resting poison of the tongue can lead to the most damage, because it is constant. An OMD may lead to an abnormal bite – the improper alignment between the upper and lower teeth known as malocclusion. This problem may lead to difficulties in biting, chewing, swallowing, and digesting of food.
(what is a myofunctional disorder?. (n.d.).)
Tongue thrusting may be temporary developmental manifestation that occurs during the growth of the lower face. It may be because of a habit that does not go away as the face grows developmentally. Besides for a speech or orthodontic problem, it may be a psychological or cosmetic problem. Swallowing a very complex reflex, and me need a lot of intervention for a person to learn how to perform a correct swallow.
(Hoffman & Hoffman , 1965)